Where to Buy Original 1700s to 1800s Paintings
A Guide to Identifying, Valuing, and Purchasing Authentic Antique Art
Original paintings from the 1700s and 1800s occupy a distinctive place in the history of art. These works represent the craftsmanship of artists from the Late Baroque, Rococo, Neoclassical, Romantic, and early Realist eras. Collectors often pursue paintings from these centuries because of their historical significance, rarity, and enduring aesthetic value. Due to their age and scarcity, buyers must navigate the market with awareness and caution to avoid reproductions, misattributions, or inflated pricing.
This article explains what paintings from the 1700s and 1800s are historically called, provides guidance on how to determine price expectations, evaluates whether antique paintings are worth purchasing, and lists the most reliable places to acquire original artworks from these periods.
What Paintings From the 1700s and 1800s Are Called
Paintings created in the 18th and 19th centuries are frequently identified according to their art historical period, stylistic movement, or geographic school. While collectors sometimes refer to them broadly as “antique paintings” or “Old Master paintings,” more precise terminology is useful.
1700s Paintings (18th Century)
Art from the 1700s is associated with several major movements:
- Late Baroque (Early 1700s): Known for dramatic lighting, emotional intensity, and strong contrasts.
- Rococo (1730–1770): Characterized by ornate decoration, soft colors, playful themes, and elegant compositions.
- Neoclassicism (Late 1700s): Inspired by ancient Greek and Roman art, emphasizing clarity, symmetry, and moral narratives.
Paintings from this century are typically referred to as:
- 18th-century paintings
- Rococo paintings
- Late Baroque paintings
- Neoclassical paintings
- Old Master paintings (a broad classification often extending to early 19th century)
1800s Paintings (19th Century)
The 19th century saw the rise of new artistic styles, responding to political change, industrialization, and shifting cultural values.
Key movements include:
- Romanticism (1800–1850): Emotional, dramatic, and often inspired by nature, history, and literature.
- Realism (1840–1880): Represented everyday life and ordinary people without idealization.
- Impressionism (1870s–1880s): Focused on light, color, and momentary impressions rather than detailed accuracy.
- Academic Art (Throughout the 1800s): Classical tradition upheld by European art academies; often historical or mythological.
These paintings are commonly categorized as:
- 19th-century paintings
- Romantic paintings
- Realist paintings
- Victorian paintings
- Academic paintings
- Early Impressionist works
In the art market, both centuries’ works may be labeled as antique, period, or heritage paintings.
Where to Buy Original 1700s and 1800s Paintings
Acquiring authenticated antique artworks requires turning to reputable institutions, auction houses, and vetted private sellers. The following are the most trusted and commonly used sources for original paintings from the 18th and 19th centuries.
Major International Auction Houses
Auction houses are the safest and most transparent options for purchasing verified antique artworks. They often provide provenance information, condition reports, and professional authentication.
Best-known auction houses include:
- Sotheby’s – Offers “Old Masters” sales featuring 1700s and 1800s paintings, often with detailed historical documentation.
- Christie’s – One of the leading markets for classical European paintings and early American works.
- Bonhams – Known for European, American, and British heritage paintings.
- Phillips (select sales) – Occasionally lists works from the late 1700s and early 1800s.
Auction houses typically offer both in-person auctions and online bidding, making it possible to participate internationally.
Specialized Old Master Galleries
Galleries that focus exclusively on historical and museum-quality antique art are another reliable source. Many have in-house experts who rigorously assess authenticity.
Popular galleries include:
- The Weiss Gallery (London) – Specializes in 16th–18th century portraiture.
- Agnew’s Gallery (London) – One of the world’s oldest dealers in fine Old Master artworks.
- Colnaghi (London/New York) – A leading dealer of Baroque, Neoclassical, and Romantic-era paintings.
- Dickinson Gallery (London/New York) – Known for historic art and curated exhibitions.
- Robert Simon Fine Art (New York) – Recognized for Renaissance and Old Master works.
These galleries maintain global reputations and often collaborate with museums, making them trusted sources for collectors.
Museum Deaccession Sales
Occasionally, museums sell artworks that are duplicates, not part of their long-term collections, or unsuitable for display. These sales are legitimate and sometimes offer exceptional pieces.
Examples include:
- Smithsonian deaccession sales
- Regional museum auctions through Bonhams or Heritage Auctions
Museum deaccessions are rare but highly trusted because provenance is clear.
Online Art Marketplaces (With Authentication Controls)
Certain online platforms offer antique paintings but require careful research.
The safest marketplaces include:
- Artnet – Marketplace backed by auction results and vetted dealers.
- 1stDibs – Sells antique paintings from verified dealers worldwide.
- Invaluable – Aggregates live auctions from reputable auction houses.
- Artsper (select sellers) – Offers older artworks through verified galleries.
Always check condition reports and dealer ratings before purchasing.
Reputable Antique Dealers and Galleries
Antique dealers specializing in fine art often have access to unique pieces not available in auctions.
Well-known dealer networks include:
- The Art Dealers Association of America (ADAA)
- Antiques Dealers’ Association of America (ADA)
- British Antique Dealers’ Association (BADA)
Dealers within these organizations follow ethical standards and must verify authenticity and provenance.
Estate Sales and Private Collections
Estate sales sometimes contain high-value antique art, particularly in old estates in Europe and North America. Buyers should proceed cautiously because authenticity cannot always be immediately verified.
Hiring an appraiser is recommended when purchasing from:
- Private individuals
- Estate sale companies
- Inherited collections
This route can occasionally yield extraordinary finds at favorable prices, though risk is higher.
Art Fairs
Prestigious art fairs feature vetted galleries showcasing museum-quality antique art.
Top fairs include:
- TEFAF (Maastricht/New York) – Considered the world’s most prestigious art fair.
- Masterpiece London – Focuses on fine antiques and historical art.
- The Winter Show (New York) – High-end antiques and heritage art.
Art fairs provide opportunities to compare multiple galleries and artworks in one place.
How Much You Should Pay for an Original 1700s–1800s Painting
The price range for authentic antique artwork varies dramatically depending on:
- Artist name and reputation
- Historical period
- Geographic origin
- Provenance and documentation
- Size and medium
- Condition and restoration history
- Rarity and market demand
Below are general market price ranges.
Lower Range: $1,000 – $10,000
You may find:
- Minor works by unknown or lesser-known European painters
- Portraits of unidentified individuals
- Small religious or landscape works from regional schools
- Paintings with partial or uncertain attribution
- Heavily restored or compromised artworks
These pieces are authentic but not considered investment-grade.
Mid Range: $10,000 – $100,000
Common for:
- Recognizable but not highly famous artists
- 18th- and early 19th-century portraits
- Early American or British historical pieces
- Medium-sized Romantic or Neoclassical works
- Paintings with good provenance but modest artistic quality
Many private collectors shop within this range.
High End: $100,000 – $1,000,000+
Reserved for:
- Well-documented Old Master paintings
- Works by noted 18th–19th century artists
- Museum-quality pieces
- Rare genres such as naval paintings or grand historical compositions
Prices rise sharply for artists with scholarly recognition.
Top Tier: $5 Million – $100 Million+
This bracket includes:
- Works by high-profile Old Masters
- Paintings with exceptional provenance (royal, aristocratic, or museum collections)
- Major works by artists like Turner, Constable, Goya, or Delacroix
These pieces usually appear only in major auctions.
Is It Worth Buying an Original Antique Painting?
Purchasing antique paintings can be highly rewarding but requires careful consideration. Collectors typically evaluate such purchases under three main categories: aesthetic value, historical significance, and financial investment potential.
Aesthetic and Cultural Value
Many buyers pursue antique paintings because:
- They offer a unique, irreplaceable connection to history.
- They display craftsmanship rarely matched by modern art.
- They add sophistication and cultural richness to private spaces.
- They reflect specific periods of history, literature, or political change.
For art lovers, these benefits alone justify the purchase.
Historical Significance
Paintings from the 1700s and 1800s provide insights into:
- Social structures
- Clothing, architecture, and everyday life
- Political movements
- Technological change
- Artistic evolution
Owning such a piece can be seen as preserving cultural heritage.
Investment Potential
Antique art can be a good investment, but only under specific conditions.
Advantages:
- Scarcity increases value over time
- Well-known artists maintain strong resale markets
- Provenance enhances appreciation
- Art can diversify investment portfolios
Disadvantages:
- Liquidity is low—selling can take months or years
- Restoration and conservation can be expensive
- Market trends fluctuate
- Fakes and misattributions pose risks
Thus, while antique paintings can appreciate significantly, buying solely for investment is not recommended without expert guidance.
Who Should Consider Buying Antique Paintings?
Antique artworks are best suited for:
- Long-term collectors
- Investors with a diversified portfolio
- Art historians
- Interior designers
- Museums and educational institutions
- Patrons of cultural heritage
For those passionate about history and art, antique paintings offer both emotional and financial rewards.
Tips for Buying Original 1700s–1800s Paintings
To ensure a safe and informed purchase, follow these guidelines.
Request Provenance Documents
Ask for:
- Previous ownership records
- Gallery or museum labels
- Auction certificates
- Exhibition history
- Expert attributions
Provenance protects against forgery and enhances future resale value.
Obtain a Condition Report
This reveals:
- Cracks
- Previous restorations
- Retouching
- Structural weaknesses
- Canvas relining
- Paint layer stability
A painting in excellent original condition commands premium pricing.
Seek Professional Appraisals
Independent appraisers can:
- Verify authenticity
- Evaluate fair market value
- Identify restorations
- Recommend conservation treatments
Always choose accredited appraisers (ISA, AAA, ASA).
Understand Restoration Costs
Professional restoration may cost:
- $300 – $1,000 for minor cleaning
- $1,000 – $5,000 for structural repairs
- $10,000+ for major conservation of museum-grade works
Factor this into your budget.
Buy From Trusted Sellers Only
Avoid unknown third-party websites or sellers who cannot provide documentation. Authenticity is crucial.
Original paintings from the 1700s and 1800s represent some of the most historically rich and aesthetically significant artworks available to collectors. Whether you are attracted by Baroque drama, Rococo elegance, Neoclassical symmetry, or romantic 19th-century landscapes, the market offers a wide range of opportunities to acquire authentic pieces.
Purchasing antique paintings is typically worth the investment for individuals who value cultural heritage, craftsmanship, and historical context. While financial appreciation is possible, buyers should proceed with professionalism and caution—relying on expert appraisals, reputable sellers, and thorough documentation.
From major auction houses to specialized galleries and online platforms, numerous legitimate sources exist to obtain original period artworks. By understanding pricing, evaluating authenticity, and exploring the most dependable marketplaces, collectors can confidently acquire meaningful pieces from the 1700s and 1800s that will endure for generations.
